P harmaceutical giant Eli Lilly  announced on Friday its plans to invest $3.5 billion  to construct a state-of-the-art manufacturing facility in Fogelsville, Pennsylvania. This new site, located in the Lehigh Valley, is dedicated to the production of next-generation obesity injections  and medical devices. The facility is the fourth major domestic investment announced by the company in the last year, completing a "quartet" of new U.S. plants that include sites in Virginia, Texas, and Alabama . These expansions are part of a broader $27 billion commitment  to boost domestic manufacturing capacity. The Pennsylvania plant will primarily focus on retatrutide , an experimental "triple-hormone" drug that has demonstrated the highest weight loss of any treatment seen to date in late-stage clinical trials. By targeting three gut hormones instead of one or two, health experts believe retatrutide could provide a critical option for patients with severe obesity who require more significant weight loss than current treatments offer. The project is expected to bring 850 high-quality jobs  to the region, including roles for scientists, engineers, and lab technicians, alongside approximately 2,000 construction jobs . Governor Josh Shapiro noted that Pennsylvania is committing $100 million  to the project, which represents the largest life sciences investment in the state's history. The push for domestic production follows threats of pharmaceutical import tariffs  by the Trump administration. While Lilly and other drugmakers recently reached pricing deals to exempt them from these levies for three years, the strategic move toward U.S.-based manufacturing ensures a more resilient medical supply chain. Lilly is currently in a fierce race with rival Novo Nordisk  to dominate the booming GLP-1 market . While Lilly secured the majority market share last year, both companies are investing heavily to resolve previous supply shortages. Construction on the Lehigh Valley site is slated to begin this year, with the facility expected to be fully operational by 2031 . 🔖 Sources   Eli Lilly plans $3.5 billion manufacturing plant in Pennsylvania to make next-generation obesity injections   Lilly rounds out quartet of new US plants with $3.5B injectable and device facility in PA Eli Lilly to build $3.5 billion Pennsylvania plant in US manufacturing push Keywords: Lilly Invests in Pennsylvania Lilly Invests in Pennsylvania

A I-supported mammography   is a transformative tool in medical imaging that significantly improves the accuracy of breast cancer screenings while reducing the burden on healthcare professionals. The landmark MASAI trial  in Sweden, involving over 100,000 women, demonstrates that integrating artificial intelligence into screening processes leads to a 12% reduction in interval cancers —cases diagnosed between regular screenings that are often more aggressive and harder to treat. Results from the MASAI trial , published in The Lancet , show that AI-supported screening detected 81% of cancers  at the initial screening stage, compared to 74% with standard methods.The use of AI led to a 27% reduction in aggressive sub-type cancers  and a 16% decrease in invasive interval cancers. This suggests a major leap in finding "clinically relevant" cases early. Researchers emphasize that AI is designed to support, not replace , radiologists. By triaging low-risk cases, the technology can reduce the screen-reading workload for experts by up to 44% . The AI system functions by analyzing mammograms to assign risk scores. Low-risk cases  are triaged to a single radiologist, while high-risk cases  receive a double reading, with AI highlighting suspicious areas for further inspection. This approach maintained a consistent specificity of 98.5% , ensuring that the increase in detection did not lead to an influx of false positives. With breast cancer being a leading cause of death for women aged 35 to 50, innovations that improve screening efficiency are vital. Lead author Dr. Kristina Lång noted that while these results are promising for reducing workload pressures  and shortening patient waiting times, the rollout must be cautious. While the study is the largest of its kind, experts note it was conducted at a single center in Sweden  and lacked data on race and ethnicity. Future research will focus on the long-term cost-effectiveness and how AI performs across multiple screening rounds and different regional programs. 🔖 Sources   AI-Supported Mammography Caught More Cancers During Screening   AI-supported mammography screening results in fewer aggressive and advanced breast cancers AI use in breast cancer screening cuts rate of later diagnosis by 12%, study finds Keywords: AI-Supported Mammography AI-Supported Mammography

R esearchers at the Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO)  have announced a potential breakthrough in treating one of the world's deadliest diseases. A new study reveals that a triple combination therapy  can induce the complete and permanent regression of pancreatic tumours in preclinical models, effectively overcoming the treatment resistance that usually makes this cancer so lethal. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the most common form of pancreatic cancer, is notorious for its poor survival rate—less than 10 percent after five years in Spain. The difficulty lies in the cancer’s ability to quickly develop resistance when only one pathway is blocked. To combat this, the CNIO team developed a "triple inhibition strategy" that simultaneously targets three critical nodes in the KRAS signalling pathway: RAF1  (downstream), EGFR  (upstream), and STAT3  (orthogonal/parallel). This multi-pronged approach prevents the tumour from finding alternative survival routes. The treatment involves a specific trio of drugs: RMC-6236 (daraxonrasib):  An experimental inhibitor targeting KRAS. Afatinib:  An EGFR family inhibitor already approved for lung cancer. SD36:  A selective STAT3 protein degrader. When tested in advanced mouse models, the therapy did more than just reduce tumour size; it stopped growth entirely. Remarkably, there was no evidence of tumour resistance  for more than 200 days following the treatment. Furthermore, the therapy was well-tolerated by the subjects, suggesting a favorable safety profile for future human application. While these results are a significant milestone, experts urge caution. Researchers noted that the study was conducted on mouse models and human cancer tissues grown in labs (PDX), meaning more research is required before human trials can begin. Optimizing this combination for patients will be a complex process, but these findings provide a clear roadmap for the development of new clinical trials that could finally improve survival rates for PDAC patients. 🔖 Sources Drug trio found to block tumour resistance in pancreatic cancer models Drug trio found to block tumour resistance in pancreatic cancer Scientists achieve pancreatic tumour regression in breakthrough study Keywords: Complete Pancreatic Cancer Regression Complete Pancreatic Cancer Regression

Image credit: E! News. Fair use. S eason 8 of Chicago Med introduces a new era of high-tech medicine with the implementation of the O.R. 2.0 platform, while simultaneously battling the gritty reality of post-pandemic supply chain shortages. The medical team at Gaffney Chicago Medical Center faces a diverse array of challenges, ranging from rare genetic anomalies and psychiatric puzzles to the ethical complexities of AI-assisted surgery. Below is a detailed review of the primary medical cases and additional diagnoses presented throughout the season. Content ⁉️ 1️⃣ Episode 1 2️⃣ Episode 2 3️⃣ Episode 3 4️⃣ Episode 4 5️⃣ Episode 5 6️⃣ Episode 6 7️⃣ Episode 7 8️⃣ Episode 8 9️⃣ Episode 9 🔟 Episode 10 1️⃣1️⃣ Episode 11 1️⃣2️⃣ Episode 12 1️⃣3️⃣ Episode 13 1️⃣4️⃣ Episode 14 1️⃣5️⃣ Episode 15 1️⃣6️⃣ Episode 16 1️⃣7️⃣ Episode 17 1️⃣8️⃣ Episode 18 1️⃣9️⃣ Episode 19 2️⃣0️⃣ Episode 20 2️⃣1️⃣ Episode 21 2️⃣2️⃣ Episode 22 🔖 Key Takeaways Episode 1 Schizoaffective Disorder D avid Sullivan, a high-achieving student, presented with paranoia after using fentanyl-laced marijuana. Diagnosis and Progression:  Even after the drugs were flushed from his system, persecutory delusions persisted. A psychiatric evaluation revealed he heard voices commanding him not to trust staff. Dr. Charles diagnosed him with schizoaffective disorder. Treatment:  Outpatient psychiatry was recommended, though the diagnosis faced resistance from his parents. Talc Granulomatosis Dr. Hannah Asher developed severe dyspnea following a structure fire. Diagnosis and Progression:  A CT scan showed interstitial lung disease. A biopsy revealed talc crystals embedded in granulomas, a consequence of past heroin use. The smoke triggered acute inflammation. Treatment:  Treated with steroids and a pulmonology consultation; she was successfully extubated. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Neurological Vascular Injury:  Motor function loss after vessel ligation. Gunshot Wound (GSW):  Abdominal puncture causing hemorrhage. Inhalation Injury:  Respiratory damage from smoke. Carbon Monoxide Toxicity:  Treated with supplemental oxygen. Coagulopathy:  Impaired blood clotting. Hepatic Failure:  Liver injury requiring transplant. Fentanyl Toxicity:  Overdose treated with Narcan. Metabolic Acidosis:  Acid buildup from blood loss. Schizophrenia:  Considered for disordered thinking. Episode 2 Mediastinal Tumor with Autoimmune Psychosis J enny Mitchell exhibited extreme paranoia after a car crash. Diagnosis and Progression:  Dr. Asher identified a widened mediastinum on X-ray. A mediastinal tumor had triggered an autoimmune response manifesting as psychosis. Treatment:  Surgical removal of the tumor resolved the psychiatric symptoms. Traumatic Arteriovenous (AV) Fistula Julián Sanchez suffered a vapor lock during a CO2 angiogram for a leg wound. Diagnosis and Progression:  A bullet fused the femoral artery and vein, creating a fistula that allowed gas to travel to the heart. Treatment:  Emergency surgery to repair the vessels. ALS with Mucus Plugging Albert, an ALS patient, presented with low oxygen due to a weak cough. Diagnosis and Progression:  Mucus plugging caused by the inability to clear airways. Treatment:  Bronchoscopy was performed to clear the plug despite a DNI order. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Nondisplaced Distal Radius Fracture:  Forearm break treated with a cast. Pneumonia:  Ruled out by clear X-ray. Periorbital Foreign Body:  Object lodged near the eye. Astrocytoma:  Brain tumor considered for psychiatric symptoms. Leaking Aneurysm:  Bleeding vessel causing instability. Vapor Lock:  Gas bubble occluding venous return. Episode 3 Lumbar Burst Fractures and ITP M arcus Walker suffered spinal fractures but had a dangerously low platelet count. Diagnosis and Progression:  Diagnosed with Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) and renal disease. Treatment:  Steroids were administered to raise platelets for surgery. Systemic MRSA and Vancomycin Desensitization Indrani Arya had a systemic MRSA infection from an ingrown toenail and a severe Vancomycin allergy. Diagnosis and Progression:  Supply shortages of alternatives forced the use of Vancomycin despite the allergy. Treatment:  A desensitization protocol with steroids and antihistamines allowed for successful treatment. Hypovolemia and Opioid Withdrawal Liza Martin, pregnant, was found unconscious. Diagnosis and Progression:  Hypovolemia caused by acute withdrawal after quitting drugs "cold turkey." Treatment:  IV fluids and referral to medically supervised recovery. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Schizophrenia:  Characterized by loss of reality. End-stage Renal Disease:  Chronic kidney failure. Hematoma:  Blood collection mimicking an abscess. Ingrown Toenail:  Source of systemic infection. Anaphylaxis:  Allergic airway closure. Sepsis:  Systemic infection response. Aortic Dissection:  Tear in the aorta requiring open-heart surgery. Episode 4 Retrocecal Appendicitis C andace, pregnant, presented with back pain. Diagnosis and Progression:  CT revealed retrocecal appendicitis; the appendix was angled medially, causing atypical pain. Treatment:  Laparoscopic appendectomy and antibiotics. Hemopneumothorax and Flailed Chest Nathaniel Perry was trapped in a train collapse. Diagnosis and Progression:  Broken ribs caused a flailed chest and collapsed lung. Treatment:  A DIY water-seal drainage system was used to evacuate air and blood in the field. Panic Disorder Dr. Otis Greenwell feared he had Sporadic Fatal Insomnia. Diagnosis and Progression:  PET scan ruled out the fatal disease; symptoms were panic attacks from professional stress. Treatment:  Therapy. Multi-Resistant Fungal Infection Rose Fremont had a drug-resistant UTI. Diagnosis and Progression:  Fungal infection sensitive only to unavailable medication. Treatment:  Doctors sourced gray-market voriconazole to save her. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Stroke:  Disruption of brain blood flow. Type 1 Diabetes:  Autoimmune insulin deficiency. Hypertension:  High blood pressure. Kidney Stone:  Suspected for flank pain. Hydronephrosis:  Kidney swelling. Pyelonephritis:  Kidney infection. Heart Attack:  Suspected for chest pain. Hemorrhagic Shock:  Critical blood loss. Pneumothorax:  Collapsed lung. Septic Shock:  Infection causing low blood pressure. Familial Fatal Insomnia:  Rare genetic disorder. Episode 5 Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-A) B rock Huntley had persistent fever and organ inflammation. Diagnosis and Progression:  COVID-19 antibodies confirmed MIS-A, a rare post-viral condition. Treatment:  High-dose steroids. Hydrofluoric Acid Inhalation Nathaniel inhaled toxic gas in a subway tunnel. Diagnosis and Progression:  Lungs were destroyed by acid from lithium-ion batteries. Treatment:  Emergency lung transplant using a DIY perfusion machine. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Bipolar Disorder:  Mood swings requiring stabilization. Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE):  Brain condition from head injuries. Psychosis:  Drug-induced reality loss. Urinary Tract Infection:  Common bacterial infection. Viral Gastroenteritis:  Intestinal infection. Respiratory Distress:  Low oxygen saturation. Dissociative State:  Identity confusion. Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA):  Mini-stroke. Acute Drug Intoxication:  Cocaine laced with PCP. Hemopneumothorax:  Blood and air in chest. Depression:  Persistent sadness. Lateral Rib Fractures:  Painful bone breaks. Dislocated Temporomandibular Joint:  Jaw dislocation. Lymphoma:  Immune system cancer. Kawasaki Disease:  Vessel inflammation. PTSD:  Anxiety from trauma. Dehydration:  Fluid loss. Episode 6 Hypovitaminosis C (Scurvy) S amir Baqri presented with lethargy and reopening scars. Diagnosis and Progression:  Scurvy caused by a diet lacking Vitamin C. Treatment:  Vitamin C infusion. Bell’s Palsy Penelope feared harming her baby due to noise sensitivity. Diagnosis and Progression:  Bell’s palsy caused facial paralysis and hyperacusis (sensitivity to sound). Treatment:  Steroids and counseling. Ruptured Ectopic Pregnancy Caitlin had a ruptured fallopian tube. Diagnosis and Progression:  Ectopic pregnancy requiring surgery during a fiber optic cable shortage. Treatment:  "Old school" surgery without video monitors. Brachial Artery Pseudoaneurysm Maria Piscotta suffered a crush injury to the arm. Diagnosis and Progression:  Pseudoaneurysm repaired surgically, followed by vasospasm. Treatment:  Vascular repair and management of vasospasm. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Dislocated Shoulder:  Manual relocation. Lung Transplant:  Life-saving procedure. Twisted Ankle:  Minor injury. Dehydration/Anemia:  Nutrient deficiencies. Postpartum Depression:  Differential diagnosis. Crush Injury:  Tissue trauma. Tinnitus:  Ringing in ears. Lupus:  Autoimmune disease ruled out. Stroke:  Ruled out for facial paralysis. Cholecystitis:  Gallbladder inflammation. Thrombosis:  Clot complication. Vasospasm:  Vessel constriction. Rib Fractures:  Painful recovery. Episode 7 Tacrolimus-Induced Psychosis R enee Chapman developed psychosis after a kidney transplant. Diagnosis and Progression:  Reaction to the immunosuppressant tacrolimus; antipsychotics caused catatonia. Treatment:  Removal of the healthy kidney to stop the medication. Percutaneous Carfentanil Overdose Maya Safro went into respiratory arrest after a C-section. Diagnosis and Progression:  Absorption of carfentanil through the skin from a contaminated car seat. Treatment:  Narcan. Tension Pneumothorax Sean Archer had a clotted chest tube after a neck stabbing. Diagnosis and Progression:  Retained hemopneumothorax led to tension pneumothorax and arrest. Treatment:  Emergency thoracotomy and internal defibrillation. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Post-Lung Transplant Recovery:  Monitoring period. Breech Presentation:  Fetus feet-first. Penetrating Neck Trauma:  Stab wound. Pediatric Trauma:  Fall injury. Blunt Force Trauma:  Impact injury. Hemopneumothorax:  Blood/air in chest. Drug-Induced Catatonia:  Waxy rigidity. Amniotic Fluid Embolism:  Ruled out. Rib Fractures:  Blunt trauma result. Episode 8 Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC) L ydia Shaw, 15, presented with liver failure. Diagnosis and Progression:  Rare autoimmune disease destroying bile ducts. Treatment:  Trans-organ paired exchange transplant. Advanced Stage Prostate Cancer Buddy Foster presented with an infection. Diagnosis and Progression:  Metastatic prostate cancer discovered via high PSA. Treatment:  Hospice care. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Alcohol Intoxication:  Vomiting/disorientation. Hepatic Encephalopathy:  Brain toxicity from liver failure. Renal Artery Stenosis:  Vessel narrowing. Liver Fibrosis:  Scar tissue. Postprocedural Abscess:  Infection at puncture site. Sexual Assault (GHB):  Drug-facilitated crime. Atrial Fibrillation:  Irregular rhythm. Pseudo-aneurysm:  Vessel injury. Episode 9 Autoimmune Encephalitis P aul Michaels showed Alzheimer’s-like symptoms. Diagnosis and Progression:  Spinal fluid protein indicated inflammation attacking the brain. Treatment:  High-dose steroids. Myocardial Bridging Afonso had chest pain with normal labs. Diagnosis and Progression:  Coronary artery running through heart muscle, compressing under stress. Treatment:  Surgical unroofing. Inoperable Pancreatic Cancer Richard Evans had a tumor invading the duodenum. Diagnosis and Progression:  Deemed inoperable by tumor board. Treatment:  Successful experimental resection using OR 2.0 AI guidance. Ruptured Tibial Pseudoaneurysm Grant suffered a spontaneous leg hemorrhage. Diagnosis and Progression:  Rupture of a pseudoaneurysm from a prior accident. Treatment:  Surgical control of bleeding. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Head Laceration:  Retained glass. Alzheimer’s Disease:  Differential diagnosis. Depression:  Mood disorder. Hernia:  Tissue protrusion. Renal Artery Stenosis:  Kidney vessel narrowing. Interstitial Nephritis:  Kidney inflammation. Papillary Necrosis:  NSAID-induced damage. Episode 10 Brugada Syndrome S ophia Eastman lost consciousness while swimming. Diagnosis and Progression:  Rare genetic disorder causing arrhythmias. Treatment:  Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Esophageal Strictures Roy Tooley could not swallow due to Crohn’s disease scarring. Diagnosis and Progression:  "Hostile abdomen" made surgery risky. Treatment:  Esophageal reconstruction using OR 2.0 digital twin simulation. Stage 4 Lymphoma Martha Kittle suffered a hip fracture. Diagnosis and Progression:  Pathologic fracture from metastatic cancer. Treatment:  Palliative care; investigated for drugging her grandson. Placenta Abruption Tiffany was found in labor in the woods. Diagnosis and Progression:  Hard abdomen indicated abruption. Treatment:  Field delivery. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Autism Spectrum Disorder:  Developmental condition. Renal Disease:  Kidney impairment. Splenic Laceration:  Spleen tear. Opioid Overdose:  Narcotic toxicity. Hypothermia:  Low body temperature. Episode 11 Pancoast Tumor J odie Dunner had back pain and seizures. Diagnosis and Progression:  AI flagged her as a pill-seeker, but a Pancoast tumor in the lung was the cause. Treatment:  Surgical resection. Pituitary Microadenoma Omar Thomas had a memory loop and "eye lock." Diagnosis and Progression:  Hemorrhage within a pituitary tumor compressed cranial nerves. Treatment:  Neurosurgery. Pancreatic Erosion Aaron Curtis had a retained bullet eroding the pancreatic duct. Diagnosis and Progression:  Gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Treatment:  Pancreatic stent via OR 2.0 to stop bleeding while leaving evidence (bullet) in place. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Traumatic Neck Laceration:  Stab wound. Tibiotalar Dislocations:  Ankle displacement. Endometriosis:  Differential diagnosis. Concussion:  Head injury. Gunshot Wound:  Retained projectile. Opioid Use Disorder:  Addiction screening. Seizure:  Neurological event. B1 Deficiency:  Malnutrition. Metastasis:  Cancer spread. Postictal Confusion:  Post-seizure state. Episode 12 Thiamine Metabolism Dysfunction J ason Rouse presented with seizures mirroring his deceased brother. Diagnosis and Progression:  AI neural network identified a rare genetic thiamine disorder. Treatment:  High-dose thiamine. Uterine Atony Laurel Wilson hemorrhaged postpartum. Diagnosis and Progression:  Uterus failed to contract; medication failed. Treatment:  Total hysterectomy. Tension Pneumothorax Paola Rivera developed respiratory distress at a crash scene. Diagnosis and Progression:  Air trapped in chest cavity. Treatment:  Field needle decompression. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Pulmonary Edema:  Lung fluid. Comminuted Pelvic Fracture:  Shattered bone. Alcohol/Benzodiazepine Interaction:  Dangerous mix. Anxiety Disorder:  Panic symptoms. Epileptic Encephalopathy:  Seizure disorder. Aortic Injury:  Pseudoaneurysm. Depression:  Mood disorder. Episode 13 Open-Book Pelvic Fracture N ina Simonds fell from a window. Diagnosis and Progression:  Shattered pelvis and arterial leak. Treatment:  IR embolization to avoid releasing pelvic binder pressure. Severe Preeclampsia Katie, pregnant, had hypertension and low platelets. Diagnosis and Progression:  Rapid deterioration requiring delivery. Treatment:  Induced labor. Penetrating Liver Trauma Felix was stabbed by a fellow patient. Diagnosis and Progression:  Knife fragment lodged deep in the liver. Treatment:  OR 2.0 guided removal (junior resident operated due to fatigue lockout). Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Carbon Monoxide Exposure:  Fume inhalation. Frostnip:  Cold injury. Bipolar II Disorder:  Mood cycles. Orbital Fracture:  Eye socket break. Braxton-Hicks:  False labor. Polysubstance Relapse:  Drug abuse. Open Pneumothorax:  Lung hole. Ankle Fracture:  Bone break. Paranoid Schizophrenia:  Volatile psychiatric condition. Blunt Head Trauma:  Impact injury. Cardiac Bypass:  Surgical rerouting. Episode 14 Multiple Myeloma I saac Collins had a spinal fracture before a transplant. Diagnosis and Progression:  Lytic lesion indicated pathological fracture; confirmed multiple myeloma. Treatment:  Transplant postponed for cancer treatment. Traumatic Hand Amputation (Ectopic Banking) Rob severed his hand in a construction accident. Diagnosis and Progression:  Stump required debridement before reattachment. Treatment:  Hand surgically "banked" on his leg to maintain blood flow via OR 2.0. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Opioid Use Disorder:  Addiction history. Premature Rupture of Membranes:  Water breaking early. End-Stage Renal Disease:  Kidney failure. Hypertension:  High blood pressure. Fetal Distress:  Heart rate drop. Pathological Fracture:  Bone weakened by disease. Inadequate Arterial Perfusion:  Poor blood flow. Episode 15 Trichophagia (Bezoar) D eanna Brooks had a stomach mass. Diagnosis and Progression:  Giant hairball from compulsive hair eating (trichophagia). Treatment:  Surgical removal and psychiatry. Schizoaffective Disorder (Cotard's Delusion) David Sullivan believed he was dead. Diagnosis and Progression:  Severe delusion resisting medication. Treatment:  Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT). Three-Vessel Spasm Abby Hawkins had a crushed leg with no pulse. Diagnosis and Progression:  Spasm mimicking permanent damage. Treatment:  Leg saved through reconstruction. Bedbug Infestation Walter Crotty had a rash and fever. Diagnosis and Progression:  Bedbug bites mimicking plague or infection. Treatment:  Hydrocortisone and antibiotics. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Substance Use Disorder:  Narcotic dependency. Alcohol Use Disorder:  Chronic drinking. Type 1 Diabetes:  Insulin dependency. Tularemia:  Bacterial infection. Lymphadenitis:  Swollen nodes. Tuberculosis:  Bacterial disease. Bubonic Plague:  Ruled out. Breast Cancer:  Malignancy. Schizophrenia:  Mental disorder. Hyperglycemia:  High blood sugar. Episode 16 Intermittent Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD) M aria presented with grogginess and seizures. Diagnosis and Progression:  Metabolic disorder identified by sweet-smelling urine. Treatment:  Protein monitoring. Neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2) Quentin Bell had a psychotic break and neck lumps. Diagnosis and Progression:  NF2 exacerbated by diet causing psychosis. Treatment:  Antipsychotics and surgical repair of carotid artery. Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Dr. Kai Tanaka-Reed collapsed with heart symptoms. Diagnosis and Progression:  Colon migrated to chest compressing vagus nerve. Treatment:  Robotic surgery. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Renal Disease:  Kidney decline. Infectious Encephalitis:  Brain inflammation. Occiput Posterior Position:  Difficult birth presentation. Appendicitis:  Appendix inflammation. Pelvic Adhesions:  Scar tissue. Conversion Disorder:  Psychological symptoms. Cerebral Edema:  Brain swelling. Hiatal Hernia:  Stomach protrusion. Episode 17 Ankylosing Spondylitis K uan-yu had a fused spine. Diagnosis and Progression:  Severe deformity requiring reconstruction. Treatment:  Osteotomies using OR 2.0 to align spine. Moyamoya Disease Cara Wallace had hypertension and aphasia. Diagnosis and Progression:  Blocked brain arteries with fragile collateral vessels ("puff of smoke"). Treatment:  Neurosurgery. End-Stage Renal Disease Dr. Dean Archer started peritoneal dialysis. Diagnosis and Progression:  Kidney failure managed at home. Treatment:  Dialysis catheter placement. Posterior Hip Dislocation Vincent Jones had a car crash. Diagnosis and Progression:  Hip dislocation and pelvic hematoma. Treatment:  Embolization and reduction. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Viral Gastroenteritis:  Stomach bug. Geriatric Pregnancy:  Pregnancy over 35. Postpartum Preeclampsia:  High BP after birth. Spinal Cord Compression:  Nerve pressure. Aphasia:  Speech loss. Stroke:  Brain blood interruption. Tension Pneumothorax:  Lung collapse. Cancer:  Abnormal cell growth. Episode 18 Peripartum Cardiomyopathy S arah presented with swollen ankles and dizziness. Diagnosis and Progression:  Heart failure mimicking pregnancy symptoms. Treatment:  C-section; patient died due to cardiac damage. Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID) Kurt Leger wanted to be paralyzed. Diagnosis and Progression:  Refused surgery for a spinal fracture due to BIID. Treatment:  Discharged against medical advice. Migraine (Investigated for GCA) Alicia Palmer had a persistent headache. Diagnosis and Progression:  Giant Cell Arteritis ruled out by biopsy. Treatment:  Triptans for migraine. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Schizophrenia:  Mental disorder. Complex PTSD:  Psychological distress. Allergic Reaction:  Cefazolin sensitivity. Breech Presentation:  Fetus position. Aortic Stenosis:  Valve narrowing. Episode 19 Abdominal Pregnancy K ira Ray had a fetus attached to the vena cava. Diagnosis and Progression:  Ectopic pregnancy intended to create a stem cell donor. Treatment:  Emergency surgery; fetus lost. Acoustic Neuroma Vernon had balance issues and seizures. Diagnosis and Progression:  Tumor compressing brain stem. Treatment:  OR 2.0 guided craniectomy. Early-Onset Schizophrenia Aiden, deaf, began hearing voices. Diagnosis and Progression:  Hallucinations masked as returned hearing. Treatment:  Antipsychotics (initially given deceptively by sister). Myelodysplastic Neoplasm Kimberly Ray required a stem cell match. Diagnosis and Progression:  Pre-leukemia condition. Treatment:  Steroids. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed End-stage renal disease:  Kidney failure. Meningitis:  Cause of deafness. Dehydration:  Fluid loss. Pneumonia:  Lung infection. Seizures:  Electrical disturbance. Gunshot Wounds:  Trauma. Depression:  Mood disorder. Episode 20 Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer and Stroke R ichard Evans returned with liver lesions. Diagnosis and Progression:  Successful ablation followed by post-surgical stroke. Treatment:  Life support withdrawn. Perforated Ulcer and Tapeworm Tim had abdominal pain and weight loss. Diagnosis and Progression:  H. pylori ulcer and a 6-foot tapeworm. Treatment:  Surgery and antiparasitics. Cryptic Pregnancy Pam went into labor unaware she was pregnant. Diagnosis and Progression:  PCOS masked symptoms. Treatment:  Delivery. Suspected Hereditary Pancreatic Cancer Jacqueline Warner refused tests despite jaundice. Diagnosis and Progression:  Likely terminal cancer; refused care due to medical trauma. Treatment:  Discharged. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Kidney Failure:  Donor evaluation. Deep Palm Laceration:  Cut requiring sutures. Medical Trauma:  Distrust of care. Ankle Sprain:  Joint injury. Gout:  Inflammatory arthritis. PCOS:  Hormonal disorder. Episode 21 Cervical Insufficiency M ichelle Abrams had pelvic pressure. Diagnosis and Progression:  Pregnant with protruding membranes. Treatment:  Emergency cerclage. OR 2.0 Malfunction (Phantom Lesion) Richard Evans died from a stroke after surgery. Diagnosis and Progression:  AI created a "phantom lesion," leading the surgeon to injure a vessel. Treatment:  Investigation revealed data deletion to cover up the error. Schizophrenia David Sullivan heard voices again. Diagnosis and Progression:  "Voices" were internalized anxiety, not hallucinations. Treatment:  Role-playing therapy. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Kidney Failure:  Renal decline. Addiction:  Dependency. Urinary Tract Infection:  Bladder infection. Metastasized Pancreatic Cancer:  Advanced cancer. Stroke:  Brain clot. Ventricular Septal Defect:  Heart hole. Liver Clot:  Thrombus. Foot Wound Infection:  Diabetic complication. Ventral Hernia:  Abdominal protrusion. Lupus:  Autoimmune disease. Episode 22 Alien Hand Syndrome Fred Anderson crashed his car; hand acted independently. Diagnosis and Progression:  Stroke damage caused involuntary grasping. Treatment:  Therapy and medication. Sigmoid Volvulus Sarah Malone had bowel obstruction. Diagnosis and Progression:  Twisted intestine risking necrosis. Treatment:  Emergency laparotomy "off the books." Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Hepatic Vein Thrombosis:  Surgical complication. Alcohol/Benzodiazepine Overdose:  Relapse. Smoke Inhalation:  Carbon monoxide poisoning. Chest Trauma:  Rib fractures. Abdominal Hernia:  Wall defect. Bacterial Peritonitis:  Dialysis infection. Sepsis:  Infection response. 🔖 Key Takeaways 🗝️ AI in Medicine:  The season heavily features the O.R. 2.0 technology, highlighting both its miraculous capabilities (resecting inoperable tumors, ectopic banking) and its catastrophic risks (creating phantom lesions). 🗝️ Supply Chain Crisis:  Real-world issues impact the ED, forcing doctors to innovate with "DIY" solutions for chest tubes and perfusion machines, and to source medication from the gray market. 🗝️ Rare "Zebra" Diagnoses:  The team uncovers obscure conditions such as Scurvy, Bedbug infestations mimicking plague, Maple Syrup Urine Disease, and Alien Hand Syndrome. 🗝️ Psychiatric Overlap:  Many physical symptoms are revealed to have psychiatric roots (BIID, conversion disorder), while psychiatric symptoms are often traced to physical causes (tumors, medication side effects). Keywords: Medical Diagnoses Chicago Med Season 8 Medical Diagnoses Chicago Med Season 8

Image credit: TV Insider / The Resident . Fair use. S ince its debut in 2018, The Resident series  has carved out a unique niche in the crowded landscape of the medical drama  genre. Unlike traditional procedurals that often romanticize the medical profession, this show, led by Matt Czuchry , offers a gritty and often critical perspective on the American healthcare system. Set within the high-stakes environment of the fictional Chastain Memorial Hospital  (alternatively known as Chastain Park Memorial Hospital), the series highlights the daily personal and professional challenges faced by a team of dedicated yet flawed doctors. Over its six-season run, it tackled complex themes such as medical malpractice, corporate greed, and the ethical dilemmas of "cowboy medicine". Content ⁉️ 1️⃣ Series Profile 2️⃣ Synopsis and Plot 3️⃣ Critics' Response and Accolades 4️⃣ Cast and Characters 5️⃣ Production 6️⃣ Seasons 7️⃣ Spin-offs and Adaptations 8️⃣ Ratings and Review 🔖 Key Takeaways Image credit: YouTube/ The Resident . Fair use. Series Profile • Director Name:  Phillip Noyce (Directed the first two episodes) • First Release Date:  January 21, 2018 • Number of Seasons:  6 • Rating:  7.8/10 (IMDb) • Country of Origin:  United States • Original Release Network:  Fox • Distribution:  20th Television, Disney+, Hulu, Star World • Original Release Network:  Fox Image credit: Variety / The Resident . Fair use. Synopsis and Plot T he Resident series  focuses on the lives and duties of staff members at Chastain Memorial Hospital  in Atlanta, Georgia. The narrative primarily follows Conrad Hawkins, a third-year resident who isn't afraid to use unconventional techniques learned during his time as a Navy Corpsman. The show maintains a critical eye on the healthcare industry, often showcasing the tension between patient care and hospital profitability. Throughout the series, the plot explores the evolution of relationships, such as the bond between Conrad and intern Devon Pravesh, and the romantic journey between Conrad and nurse practitioner Nic Nevin. Major story arcs also involve the hospital's leadership transitions, including the rise and fall of various CEOs and the constant struggle to keep the facility afloat under corporate entities like Red Rock Mountain Medical. Critics’ Response and Accolades R eception for The Resident series  was notably mixed among professional critics. Rotten Tomatoes reported an approval rating of 59% for the first season, with a consensus that the show drifted between "medical melodrama and hospital horror". Metacritic indicated "mixed or average reviews" with a score of 54. While TVLine  praised the show as a "cure for medical-show fatigue" and gave it a B+ for its look at "thorny ethical issues," USA Today  was more critical, stating that the show "can't save itself." Interestingly, the show was unpopular with some in the medical profession who labeled it "grossly unrealistic". In terms of accolades, the series received several nominations, including Choice Breakout TV Show  at the 2018 Teen Choice Awards and Choice Drama TV Show  in 2019. Young actor Evan Whitten also received a nomination for a Young Artist Award for his guest role. Image credit: Collider / The Resident . Fair use. Cast and Characters • Matt Czuchry  — Dr. Conrad Theodore Hawkins • Emily VanCamp  — Nicolette "Nic" Nevin • Manish Dayal  — Dr. Devon Pravesh • Shaunette Renée Wilson  — Dr. Mina Okafor • Bruce Greenwood  — Dr. Randolph Bell • Malcolm-Jamal Warner  — Dr. AJ "The Raptor" Austin • Jane Leeves  — Dr. Kit Voss • Morris Chestnut  — Dr. Barrett Cain • Jessica Lucas  — Dr. Billie Sutton • Anuja Joshi  — Dr. Leela Devi Main Characters Description • Dr. Conrad Hawkins:  A brilliant, unconventional resident and former Navy Corpsman who often practices "cowboy medicine" while managing PTSD. • Nic Nevin:  A compassionate nurse practitioner and Conrad’s primary love interest; she frequently goes the extra mile for her patients and serves as the moral compass of the hospital. • Dr. Devon Pravesh:  Initially an idealistic Harvard graduate, he becomes an excellent doctor under Conrad's mentorship and eventually focuses on clinical trials. • Dr. Randolph Bell:  The Chief of Surgery and later CEO, who begins as a foil to Conrad but evolves into a reform-minded leader and Kit Voss's husband. • Dr. Mina Okafor:  A highly intelligent Nigerian surgical resident who eventually returns to her home country to avoid deportation. Image credit: The Hollywood Reporter / The Resident . Fair use. Production T he Resident series  was originally developed by Showtime under the title The City  in 2016, described then as a "dark medical drama". However, it was never produced there and was eventually purchased by Fox in 2017. The show utilized a single-camera setup and was primarily filmed in and around Atlanta, Georgia . Notably, the High Museum of Art in midtown Atlanta served as the exterior and occasional interior for the fictional Chastain Memorial Hospital . Production was significantly interrupted in 2020 by the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in the early conclusion of the third season. Seasons • Season 1:  14 episodes; Released Jan 21, 2018 – May 14, 2018. The season introduced the staff at Chastain and the corruption of Dr. Lane Hunter. • Season 2:  23 episodes; Released Sept 24, 2018 – May 6, 2019. This season explored the fraudulent medical device company Quovadis. • Season 3:  20 episodes; Released Sept 24, 2019 – April 7, 2020. The plot focused on the acquisition of the hospital by Red Rock Mountain Medical. • Season 4:  14 episodes; Released Jan 12, 2021 – May 18, 2021. This season dealt with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the transition of Chastain to a public hospital. • Season 5:  23 episodes; Released Sept 21, 2021 – May 17, 2022. It featured a three-year time jump following the tragic death of Nic Nevin. • Season 6:  13 episodes; Released Sept 20, 2022 – Jan 17, 2023. The final season saw the hospital battling budget cuts from a hostile governor. Spin-offs and Adaptations B ased on the provided sources, there are no spin-offs or direct adaptations  of The Resident series . The show concluded its narrative with the series finale in January 2023. Ratings and Review T hroughout its run, The Resident series  experienced fluctuating viewership. The show peaked in its second season with an average of 7.63 million viewers . However, by the final season, the average viewership had declined to approximately 4.40 million viewers . Despite the decline, the show remained a staple of Fox's lineup for half a decade. Reviewers often compared it to ABC's The Good Doctor , though many found The Resident  to be a darker, more cynical take on the genre. While critics were divided, audiences generally found the show engaging, as reflected by its 7.8/10 IMDb rating . 🔖 Key Takeaways 🗝️ The Resident series  is a prominent medical drama  that ran for 107 episodes across six seasons  on Fox. 🗝️ Starring Matt Czuchry , the series is noted for its critical portrayal of the healthcare industry and its setting at Chastain Memorial Hospital . 🗝️ The show originated as a Showtime project titled The City  before being developed by Fox and filmed in Atlanta, Georgia . 🗝️ Despite mixed critical reviews and criticism regarding medical realism, the show was a consistent performer in ratings and received multiple Teen Choice Award nominations . 🗝️ The series officially ended in 2023 after Fox announced its cancellation . Keywords: The Resident TV series The Resident TV series

Image credit: Nip/Tuck / Hulu. Fair use. T he Nip/Tuck TV series  is a groundbreaking American medical drama that redefined the boundaries of basic cable television. Premiering in 2003 on the FX network, the show introduced audiences to a hyper-stylized world where physical perfection and moral decay coexist. Created by Ryan Murphy , the series moved beyond the traditional procedural format, incorporating elements of black comedy, satire, psychological thriller, and erotic drama. By centering on the complex relationship between two plastic surgeons, the show offered a provocative look at the human condition through the lens of aesthetic surgery. Content ⁉️ 1️⃣ Series Profile 2️⃣ Synopsis and Plot 3️⃣ Critics' Response and Accolades 4️⃣ Cast and Characters 5️⃣ Production 6️⃣ Seasons 7️⃣ Spin-offs and Adaptations 8️⃣ Ratings and Review 🔖 Key Takeaways Image credit: Nip/Tuck  / YouTube. Fair use. Series Profile • Director/Creator Name:  Ryan Murphy • First Release Date:  July 22, 2003 • Number of Seasons:  6 • Rating:  TV-MA (U.S.), BBFC 18 (UK), ACB MA15+ (Australia) • Country of Origin:  United States • Original Release Network:  FX • Distribution:  Warner Bros. Television Image credit: Nip/Tuck  / Vulture. Fair use. Synopsis and Plot T he Nip/Tuck TV series  focuses on "McNamara/Troy," a cutting-edge and often controversial plastic surgery center. The narrative follows the intertwined professional and personal lives of its founders, Dr. Sean McNamara  and Dr. Christian Troy . Each episode typically features graphic, partial depictions of plastic surgeries performed on various patients, with almost every episode (except the pilot) named after the patient of the week. The show is noted for its use of serial storytelling, featuring long-running story arcs that often span multiple seasons. A primary example is the hunt for "The Carver," a serial rapist who mutilates his victims' faces, forcing the doctors to perform pro bono reconstructive surgeries. While the practice is initially based in Miami, the doctors relocate the business to Los Angeles at the end of the fourth season, reflecting the characters' transition into a different cultural landscape. The plot frequently explores the friction between Sean’s desire for a stable family life and Christian’s hedonistic, often unethical pursuits. Critics’ Response and Accolades T hroughout its seven-year run, the Nip/Tuck TV series  was a major contender during awards season, earning a total of 45 award nominations. One of its most significant achievements was winning the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Drama  in 2005. The series also found success at the Primetime Emmy Awards, notably winning for Outstanding Prosthetic Makeup  for its pilot episode in 2004. Critics and industry peers frequently recognized the lead actors, Julian McMahon and Joely Richardson. Both received multiple Golden Globe nominations for their performances. Additionally, the show won the Satellite Award for Best Television Series – Drama in both 2004 and 2005. Its technical prowess was also highlighted through numerous Emmy nominations in categories such as Art Direction, Casting, and Main Title Design. Image credit: AmoMama  / Nip/Tuck . Fair use. Cast and Characters • Dylan Walsh:  Dr. Sean McNamara • Julian McMahon:  Dr. Christian Troy • John Hensley:  Matt McNamara • Joely Richardson:  Julia McNamara • Valerie Cruz:  Grace Santiago • Roma Maffia:  Dr. Liz Cruz • Kelly Carlson:  Kimber Henry • Jessalyn Gilsig:  Gina Russo • Bruno Campos:  Dr. Quentin Costa Main Characters Description • Dr. Sean McNamara:  A skilled but morally conflicted surgeon who struggles to balance his professional duties with his crumbling marriage and family life. • Dr. Christian Troy:  The charming and narcissistic business partner who uses his looks to attract clients and often engages in vain or unethical business deals. • Julia McNamara:  Sean's wife, whose personal journey involves navigating her identity outside of her husband's successful career. • Matt McNamara:  The son of Sean and Julia, whose rebellious coming-of-age story provides much of the show's family drama. • Dr. Liz Cruz:  The practice's steadfast anesthesiologist who frequently serves as the moral compass for the two surgeons. • Kimber Henry:  A model and recurring love interest for Christian whose life is profoundly altered by her association with McNamara/Troy. Image credit: SlashFilm  / Nip/Tuck . Fair use. Production R yan Murphy  created the series with inspiration from "makeover" segments on popular talk shows like The Jenny Jones Show  and The Oprah Winfrey Show . He has stated that the medical cases featured in the Nip/Tuck TV series  are "100 percent based on fact". The show utilized a single-camera setup and was primarily filmed in Hollywood, Los Angeles, despite its early Miami setting. Production for the fifth season was significantly impacted by the 2007 Writers' Strike, leading to the season being split into two distinct parts for its broadcast and DVD release. Seasons • Season 1:  13 Episodes | Released: July 22, 2003 | Years in air: 2003. Introduces the practice and the central conflict between Sean and Christian's ideologies. • Season 2:  16 Episodes | Released: June 22, 2004 | Years in air: 2004. Features the introduction of the Carver mystery and explores Christian's deeper insecurities. • Season 3:  15 Episodes | Released: September 20, 2005 | Years in air: 2005. Focuses heavily on the search for the Carver, resulting in the highest ratings in FX history. • Season 4:  15 Episodes | Released: September 5, 2006 | Years in air: 2006. The final season set in Miami, concluding with the doctors' move to California. • Season 5:  22 Episodes | Released: October 30, 2007 | Years in air: 2007–2009. Follows the transition to Los Angeles; split into two parts due to the writers' strike. • Season 6:  19 Episodes | Released: October 14, 2009 | Years in air: 2009–2010. The final season culminated in the show's 100th episode on March 3, 2010. Spin-offs and Adaptations T he success of the Nip/Tuck TV series  inspired the creation of the reality show Dr. 90210 , which similarly focused on plastic surgery in high-end locales. Internationally, the show was adapted in 2013 by the Colombian network Caracol Televisión. This Spanish-language version, titled Mentiras perfectas  (Perfect Lies), brought the dramatic themes of the original series to a Latin American audience. Ratings and Review T he Nip/Tuck TV series  was an immediate hit for FX, becoming the highest-rated new series on American basic cable during its debut year. It was particularly successful in the 18–49 and 25–54 age demographics. The third-season finale, "Cherry Peck / Quentin Costa," became the most-watched scripted program in FX history at the time, drawing 5.7 million viewers. While the show was praised for its bold content, FX took a "huge risk" by moving it from a summer schedule to the more competitive fall season in year three, a move that ultimately paid off with record-breaking viewership. 🔖 Key Takeaways 🗝️ Cultural Impact:  The Nip/Tuck TV series  broke basic cable records and pushed the boundaries of medical drama with its graphic realism. 🗝️ Leading Duo:  The chemistry and conflict between Sean McNamara  and Christian Troy  remained the heart of the series for 100 episodes. 🗝️ Award Winner:  The show is a recipient of both a Golden Globe for Best Drama and an Emmy for its realistic prosthetic makeup. 🗝️ The Carver Arc:  The mystery of the Carver in seasons two and three is considered one of the most successful scripted arcs on FX. 🗝️ Production Move:  The series effectively transitioned its setting from Miami to Los Angeles in its later years to reflect the evolving lives of the characters. Keywords: Nip Tuck TV series NipTuck TV series

Image credit: MLive.com . Fair use. S eason 7 of Chicago Med  brings a renewed focus on internal medicine mysteries and complex surgical interventions. With the arrival of new attending physicians Dr. Stevie Hammer and Dr. Dylan Scott, the team at Gaffney Chicago Medical Center faces a barrage of "zebra" diagnoses—rare conditions masquerading as common ailments—alongside the emotional toll of pediatric trauma and transplant ethics. Below is a detailed review of the primary medical cases and additional diagnoses presented throughout the season. Content ⁉️ 1️⃣ Episode 1 2️⃣ Episode 2 3️⃣ Episode 3 4️⃣ Episode 4 5️⃣ Episode 5 6️⃣ Episode 6 7️⃣ Episode 7 8️⃣ Episode 8 9️⃣ Episode 9 🔟 Episode 10 1️⃣1️⃣ Episode 11 1️⃣2️⃣ Episode 12 1️⃣3️⃣ Episode 13 1️⃣4️⃣ Episode 14 1️⃣5️⃣ Episode 15 1️⃣6️⃣ Episode 16 1️⃣7️⃣ Episode 17 1️⃣8️⃣ Episode 18 1️⃣9️⃣ Episode 19 2️⃣0️⃣ Episode 20 2️⃣1️⃣ Episode 21 2️⃣2️⃣ Episode 22 🔖 Key Takeaways Episode 1 Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy L ois Durant, a former clinical trial participant, presented with fluid retention and shortness of breath. Diagnosis and Progression:  While initial symptoms suggested valve regurgitation, Dr. Halstead suspected an outflow obstruction. A Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE) confirmed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with a sub-aortic obstruction. Treatment:  The surgical team performed a myectomy to clear the obstruction rather than a valve replacement. Sickle Cell-Induced Stroke Jasmine, a 10-year-old with sickle cell disease, arrived lethargic and unresponsive. Diagnosis and Progression:  A head CT confirmed a pediatric stroke caused by sickled cells thickening the blood and causing a blockage. Treatment:  An exchange transfusion was administered to replace sickled cells with healthy red blood cells. Ruptured Ovarian Cyst Gemma Brooks presented with abdominal bloating and free fluid. Diagnosis and Progression:  Diagnosed with a ruptured ovarian cyst requiring surgery. The case was complicated by the twins' lack of individuation, leading them to switch places to ensure they both had surgical scars. Treatment:  Surgery was halted before the wrong twin was operated on; the sisters settled for matching scars. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Rattlesnake Envenomation:  Treated with antivenom. Appendicitis:  Inflammation requiring removal. Sinus Tachycardia:  Elevated heart rate. Pulmonary Embolism:  Respiratory distress. Open Radial Fracture:  Forearm break with puncture. Severe Mitral Valve Regurgitation:  Valve leakage. Cystic Fibrosis:  Genetic disorder. Episode 2 Addisonian Crisis (Factitious Disorder) B randon, 17, lost consciousness with low blood pressure and high glucose. Diagnosis and Progression:  Initially suspected as Munchausen by proxy, it was revealed Brandon was self-dosing medication to induce symptoms and avoid a clinical trial. Treatment:  Stabilization of the acute crisis and discharge after establishing patient autonomy. Major Depressive Disorder and PTSD Krista Valdez, a human rights attorney, overdosed on sleeping pills. Diagnosis and Progression:  Diagnosed with PTSD and depression stemming from her work with child soldiers. Treatment:  Activated charcoal via NG tube and transfer to a psychiatric facility. Mangled Extremity Sean Ritner presented with a pulseless arm after a motorcycle crash. Diagnosis and Progression:  A mangled extremity requiring revascularization. Treatment:  A reverse saphenous vein graft and thrombectomy successfully restored the pulse, avoiding amputation. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed ICU Acute Kidney Injury:  Renal complication. Diabetes Mellitus:  Glucose regulation issue. Hyperthyroidism:  Metabolic condition ruled out. Pancreatitis:  Inflammatory condition excluded. Anxiety Disorder:  Treated with Ativan. Brachial Artery Occlusion:  Vessel blockage. Episode 3 Olfactory Groove Meningioma J im Foster exhibited uncharacteristic aggression and anosmia (loss of smell). Diagnosis and Progression:  An olfactory groove meningioma was identified as the cause of his disinhibition and sensory loss. Treatment:  Neurosurgery consult and steroids. Recurrent Lupus with Brain Inflammation Candace Mason was struck by a car due to vision loss. Diagnosis and Progression:  Active Lupus caused optic neuritis and brain inflammation. Treatment:  MRI referral for assessment. Benign Mediastinal Mass Gina Hawley concealed a massive neck growth. Diagnosis and Progression:  A benign tumor enveloped major vessels, leading to hemoptysis. Treatment:  Complex neck dissection and potential sternotomy. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Gunshot Wound:  Abdominal trauma. COVID-19:  Potential cause of anosmia. Ankle Sprain:  Soft tissue injury. Diabetes:  Requiring monitoring. Migraine:  Persistent head pain. Episode 4 Bipolar Disorder (Misdiagnosed Schizophrenia) R oland presented with spastic contractions from antipsychotics. Diagnosis and Progression:  Dr. Charles identified that Roland had been misdiagnosed with schizophrenia due to racial bias; his true condition was bipolar disorder. Treatment:  Medication adjustment and therapy. Pilocytic Astrocytoma Ashley Bardsley lived for 30 years believing she had a fatal brain cancer. Diagnosis and Progression:  Molecular biopsy confirmed the tumor was a benign pilocytic astrocytoma. Treatment:  Diagnosis correction. Esophageal Tear Pete Channing swallowed a large ice cube, causing pneumoperitoneum. Diagnosis and Progression:  An esophageal tear at the gastro-esophageal junction. Treatment:  Emergency surgical repair. Aortic Tumor Mr. Kumar presented with back pain and paralysis. Diagnosis and Progression:  MRI revealed a rare aortic tumor occluding spinal blood flow. Treatment:  Cardiovascular surgery to remove the tumor. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Ankle Sprain:  Negative fracture screen. Amnesia:  Memory loss post-trauma. Distal Radius Fracture:  Wrist break. Pulmonary Edema:  Fluid in lungs. Radiation Necrosis:  Tissue death. Hypertension:  High blood pressure. Agoraphobia:  Anxiety disorder. Episode 5 Churg-Strauss Syndrome E leanor Halt presented with fainting and shifting lung infiltrates. Diagnosis and Progression:  History of asthma and migratory infiltrates pointed to Churg-Strauss syndrome (vasculitis). Treatment:  Emergency pericardial aspiration for tamponade, followed by steroids. Von Willebrand Disease Alex Miller suffered a subdural hematoma from a minor toy gun impact. Diagnosis and Progression:  Underlying Von Willebrand disease caused severe bleeding from minor trauma. Treatment:  Surgical evacuation of the hematoma. Anxiety Disorder (Misdiagnosed ADHD) Ryan Miller exhibited aggression. Diagnosis and Progression:  "ADHD" symptoms were actually anxiety exacerbated by stimulants. Treatment:  Discontinuation of Adderall. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Ruptured Liver:  Grade four laceration. Seizure:  Neurological event. Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA):  Mini-stroke. Ventricular Tachycardia:  Arrhythmia. Cardiac Tamponade:  Fluid compressing heart. Abdominal Compartment Syndrome:  Pressure emergency. Episode 6 Late-Onset Tay-Sachs Disease S iobhan Murphy presented with a fracture and history of "clumsiness." Diagnosis and Progression:  Cerebellar atrophy on CT confirmed late-onset Tay-Sachs. Treatment:  Supportive care. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Gordon’s pneumonia progressed to severe hypoxia. Diagnosis and Progression:  ARDS with oxygen saturation dropping to 64%. Treatment:  ARDS net protocol with paralysis and recruitment maneuver. MRSA and Sepsis Terri presented with an infected arm wound. Diagnosis and Progression:  MRSA infection spread to the bloodstream. Treatment:  Oral Linezolid due to refusal of IV antibiotics. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Edema:  Swelling. Hypercoagulability:  Clotting risk. Dehydration:  Fluid loss. Hepatic Encephalopathy:  Liver brain toxicity. Fractured Ulna:  Arm break. Ventricular Fibrillation:  Cardiac arrest. Hypothermia:  Low body temperature. Anoxic Brain Injury:  Oxygen deprivation. Episode 7 Incarcerated Hernia M arcus Clemens had a car accident revealing an abdominal bulge. Diagnosis and Progression:  Incarcerated bowel hernia with risk of strangulation. Treatment:  Manual reduction using a "corkscrew" motion (resulting in injury to Dr. Choi). Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Compound Tibial Fracture:  Bone piercing skin. Myocardial Infarction:  Heart attack. Food Poisoning:  GI distress. Pulmonary Contusion:  Lung bruise. Preeclampsia:  Pregnancy complication. Paranoid Delusions:  Psychiatric crisis. Stimulant Misuse:  Drug abuse. Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia:  High blood sugar. Episode 8 Multiple Herniated Lumbar Discs D r. Ethan Choi suffered back pain following the manual reduction procedure. Diagnosis and Progression:  MRI confirmed multiple herniated discs. Treatment:  Multilevel spinal fusion and rehabilitation. Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia Sharon Goodwin experienced unstable glucose levels. Diagnosis and Progression:  High cortisol levels linked to chronic administrative stress. Treatment:  Stress management protocols. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Open Tibia Fracture:  Trauma injury. Heart Attack:  Cardiac event. Food Poisoning:  Stomach illness. Preeclampsia:  Obstetric risk. Panic Attack:  Anxiety episode. Episode 9 OTC Deficiency L ily, an infant, presented with vomiting and listlessness. Diagnosis and Progression:  Ornithine Transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency, causing toxic ammonia buildup. Treatment:  Hemodialysis and eventual liver transplant. Typhus Eve Bennett presented with fever, jaundice, and an insect bite. Diagnosis and Progression:  Typhus contracted from fleas in a storage locker. Treatment:  Doxycycline. Drug-Supplement Interaction Kyle Liddell’s schizophrenia destabilized. Diagnosis and Progression:  St. John’s Wort tea increased the metabolism of his Risperidone, rendering it ineffective. Treatment:  Discontinuation of the supplement and medication adjustment. End-Stage Liver Failure Reuben Carmona developed brain edema while awaiting a transplant. Diagnosis and Progression:  Intracranial pressure threatened herniation. Treatment:  ICP management and emergency liver transplant. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Pyloric Stenosis:  Stomach narrowing. Viral Gastritis:  Stomach flu. Electrolyte Imbalance:  Mineral issue. Minor Hematoma:  Bruise/bleed. Schizophrenia:  Mental disorder. Brain Edema:  Swelling. Sepsis:  Infection response. Stroke:  Brain blood blockage. Episode 10 Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) L awrence Givens presented with ESRD. Diagnosis and Progression:  ADPKD diagnosed, with genetic implications for his son. Treatment:  Direct organ donation from a deceased donor. Early-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease Anel Sanon experienced confusion and falls. Diagnosis and Progression:  Hippocampal atrophy confirmed early-onset Alzheimer's. Treatment:  Donepezil; family withheld diagnosis. Diuretic-Induced Dehydration Claudia Rey, 13, fainted. Diagnosis and Progression:  Severe dehydration from abusing her mother's Furosemide for weight loss. Treatment:  IV saline and education. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Influenza:  Viral flu. Dislocated Shoulder:  Joint injury. Distal Radius Fracture:  Wrist break. Femur Fracture:  Thigh break. Internal Hemorrhaging:  Bleeding. Hemorrhagic Stroke:  Brain bleed. Episode 11 Synovial Sarcoma D arius, 10, had an arm fracture. Diagnosis and Progression:  A mass discovered during surgery was confirmed as synovial sarcoma. Treatment:  Surgical excision and oncology referral. Silicone Embolism Nadia and Alexandra collapsed after illegal cosmetic injections. Diagnosis and Progression:  Silicone embolus in the heart/lungs causing septic shock. Treatment:  Catheter extraction in a mobile stroke unit. Fulminant Liver Failure Wes Tucker, an alcoholic athlete, required a liver. Diagnosis and Progression:  Acute failure requiring transplant; donor suffered iatrogenic bradycardia. Treatment:  Split liver transplant from living donor. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Two-Bone Fracture:  Forearm break. Wrist Sprain:  Ligament injury. Panic Attacks:  Anxiety episodes. Cirrhosis:  Liver scarring. Alcohol Abuse Disorder:  Addiction. Episode 12 Inoperable Brain Tumor P atrick Choi presented with facial droop and weight loss. Diagnosis and Progression:  Rapidly progressing tumor with metastases to spine and lungs. Treatment:  Palliative care. Acute Opioid Toxicity (Carfentanil) The surgical team collapsed in the OR. Diagnosis and Progression:  Carfentanil poisoning from contaminated masks. Treatment:  Narcan resuscitation. Placental Abruption Lisa Backman collapsed; refused "vaccinated" blood products. Diagnosis and Progression:  Abruption led to fatal postpartum hemorrhage. Treatment:  C-section; patient died due to refusal of transfusion. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Anemia:  Low blood count. Diabetes Mellitus:  With neuropathy. Secondary Bacterial Infection:  High WBC. Pneumonia:  Lung infection. Intraparenchymal Bleeds:  Brain bleeds. Episode 13 Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures (PNES) P ete had seizures without loss of consciousness. Diagnosis and Progression:  A saline "nocebo" confirmed the seizures were psychogenic. Treatment:  Neuropsychiatry referral. Syphilis and Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction Emily Torres treated for burns; diagnosed with syphilis. Diagnosis and Progression:  Penicillin treatment triggered a Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction, inducing labor. Treatment:  Healthy delivery. Medical Fraud (Faked Alzheimer’s) Lorraine Hendrix was "diagnosed" with Alzheimer's. Diagnosis and Progression:  MRI proved she was healthy; stepdaughter faked scans for fraud. Treatment:  Legal intervention. HCG-Producing Tumor Maggie tested pregnant but had no fetus. Diagnosis and Progression:  Tumor producing HCG mimicked pregnancy. Treatment:  Surgical removal. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Synovial Sarcoma:  Soft tissue cancer. Carfentanil Poisoning:  Opioid toxicity. Thigh Laceration:  Leg cut. Superficial Burns:  Skin injury. Multiple Sclerosis:  Neurological condition. Ectopic Pregnancy:  Non-viable pregnancy. Episode 14 Fibro-COVID G ia Lindahl reported generalized pain post-COVID. Diagnosis and Progression:  Diagnosed with Fibro-COVID; developed cardiac tamponade. Treatment:  Emergent pericardiocentesis. Compartment Syndrome and Dyslexia Terrell had a swollen arm and reading difficulty. Diagnosis and Progression:  Compartment syndrome treated surgically; dyslexia diagnosed. Treatment:  Fasciotomy and neurological support. Myxedema Crisis Ellis Turner (iron lung patient) lost consciousness. Diagnosis and Progression:  Severe thyroid deficiency. Treatment:  Levothyroxine. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Malignant Tumors:  Cancer. Pneumonia:  Lung inflammation. Cataplexy/Narcolepsy:  Sleep disorders. Polio:  Viral paralysis. Bipolar Disorder:  Mood condition. Blunt Cardiac Injury:  Heart trauma. Hepatic Artery Thrombosis:  Liver clot. Episode 15 Delusional Parasitosis A bby Carpenter believed she had mites. Diagnosis and Progression:  Delusional parasitosis. Treatment:  "Benevolent deception" with antipsychotics. Diverticulitis and Septic Shock Gretchen Cameron delayed surgery for her wedding. Diagnosis and Progression:  Intestinal leak led to sepsis. Treatment:  Emergency laparotomy and ostomy. Familial Hypercholesteremia Andre required heart/liver transplant. Diagnosis and Progression:  Strictured anastomosis caused venous back pressure. Treatment:  Surgical repair. Traumatic Pneumothorax Milena Jovanovic had a motorcycle crash. Diagnosis and Progression:  Collapsed lung. Treatment:  Chest tube. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Loss of Consciousness:  Trauma sign. Skin Infection:  Self-inflicted. Sepsis:  Infection response. Bowel Dilation:  Intestinal stretching. Striatal Lesions:  Brain abnormalities. Early-onset Atherosclerosis:  Artery hardening. Intrahepatic Cava Clots:  Liver vein clots. Episode 16 Necrotizing Enterocolitis K ayla Miller, newborn, presented with distended abdomen. Diagnosis and Progression:  NEC requiring removal of small intestine. Treatment:  Intestinal transplant. Conversion Disorder Kiran Patel lost leg function due to stress. Diagnosis and Progression:  Physical symptoms stemming from mental conflict. Treatment:  Resolution of emotional stress. Aspergilloma Rudy Hernandez coughed blood post-COVID. Diagnosis and Progression:  Fungus ball living in a lung cavity. Treatment:  Antibiotic infusion. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Multiple Sclerosis:  Ruled out. Guillain-Barré:  Ruled out. Hemothorax:  Blood in chest. Brain Death:  Irreversible loss. Placental Abruption:  Obstetric emergency. Gunshot Wound:  Trauma. Addiction:  Substance use. Episode 17 Mallory-Weiss Tear I vy Clark had hematemesis. Diagnosis and Progression:  Tear caused by vomiting; tumor shrank due to boyfriend dosing her with chemo. Treatment:  Endoscopy. Uterine Hemorrhage Claire Stone bled from a transplanted uterus. Diagnosis and Progression:  Endometrial thickening. Treatment:  Living-donor uterus transplant. Cardiac Tamponade (GSW) Stefan had a GSW to the chest. Diagnosis and Progression:  Bullet grazed heart causing tamponade. Treatment:  Blind pericardial drainage. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Addiction:  Substance use. Retained Hemothorax:  Persistent bleed. Dislocated Shoulder:  Joint injury. Seizure:  Neurological event. Asherman’s Syndrome:  Uterine scarring. V-fib:  Cardiac arrest. Episode 18 Degenerating Submucosal Fibroids T ara Goodwin, pregnant, had bleeding. Diagnosis and Progression:  Necrotic fibroid and parasitic fibroid. Treatment:  Myomectomy. Right Hemopneumothorax (Self-Inflicted) Gavin Wells had a GSW to the chest. Diagnosis and Progression:  Toe hematoma confirmed suicide attempt. Treatment:  Chest tube and resuscitation. Liver Laceration Lia had internal bleeding after being struck by a car. Diagnosis and Progression:  Liver laceration. Treatment:  Angiography and embolization. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Spinal Fusion Status:  Post-op. Hypoxic Brain Injury:  Oxygen deprivation. Intraoperative Arterial Perforation:  Surgical error. Metatarsal Fracture:  Foot break. Episode 19 Pheochromocytoma G erald Simmons had hypertension and V-fib. Diagnosis and Progression:  Adrenal tumor causing hormone flood. Treatment:  Surgical removal. Alcohol Poisoning (Tampon) Zoe had rising BAC in hospital. Diagnosis and Progression:  Alcohol absorption via tampon. Treatment:  Fluids and referral. Fetal Anemia Ingrid's fetus had distension; SMA suspected. Diagnosis and Progression:  Anemia treated with transfusion; SMA was a false positive. Treatment:  C-section. Multi-System Organ Failure Luis Peña on hunger strike. Diagnosis and Progression:  Organ failure; self-immolation led to death. Treatment:  Failed resuscitation. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Fetal Abdominal Distention:  Swelling. SMA Type 1:  Genetic disease. Hypertension:  High BP. Ventricular Fibrillation:  Cardiac arrest. Sinus Tachycardia:  Fast heart rate. Clinical Depression:  Mood disorder. Asystole:  Flatline. Episode 20 Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome (CCHS) E va stopped breathing post-op. Diagnosis and Progression:  Genetic failure to breathe during sleep. Treatment:  CPAP. Multiple Sclerosis Miles Henderson had vision loss. Diagnosis and Progression:  MRI confirmed MS. Treatment:  Diagnosis disclosure. Grade 1 Glioma Dorian Harwell had exhaustion and headaches. Diagnosis and Progression:  Brain tumor. Treatment:  Good prognosis. Shoulder Dystocia Morgan's baby got stuck during birth. Diagnosis and Progression:  Turtle sign. Treatment:  McRoberts maneuver. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Nasal Foreign Body:  Object in nose. Autoimmune Hepatitis:  Liver attack. Fulminant Liver Failure:  Rapid decline. Type 2 Diabetes:  Metabolic issue. Hypertension:  High BP. Appendicitis:  Inflammation. Heart Dysrhythmia:  Irregular beat. Episode 21 Bulbar ALS L ydia Reed had emotional outbursts. Diagnosis and Progression:  Pseudobulbar affect and Bulbar ALS. Treatment:  Therapy. Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP) Kat had liver failure. Diagnosis and Progression:  AFLP caused rupture. Treatment:  C-section and liver transplant. Pulmonary Artery Pseudoaneurysm Sam Devers had a GSW and an old bullet. Diagnosis and Progression:  Old bullet caused pseudoaneurysm rupture. Treatment:  Thoracotomy. Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy Dr. Blake had hand tremors. Diagnosis and Progression:  Spinal compression. Treatment:  Surgery scheduled. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Hemothorax:  Blood in chest. Lyme Disease:  Ruled out. Fibromyalgia:  Pain disorder. Multiple Sclerosis:  Ruled out. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome:  Ruled out. Malingering:  Ruled out. Pre-eclampsia:  Pregnancy issue. DIC:  Clotting disorder. Liver Rupture:  Organ tear. Pseudobulbar Affect:  Emotional lability. Episode 22 End-Stage Liver Disease D onna Woods had ascites and shock. Diagnosis and Progression:  Perforated ulcer in end-stage liver disease. Treatment:  Terminal; surgery failed. Cerebellar Stroke Dr. Pamela Dutton had a vertebral artery bleed during surgery. Diagnosis and Progression:  Artery sacrificed; caused stroke. Treatment:  Post-op recovery with deficits. Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) Owen needed a kidney; high antibodies. Diagnosis and Progression:  Girlfriend was a match despite breakup. Treatment:  Transplant. Meniscus Tear Zach had knee pain. Diagnosis and Progression:  MRI showed tear. Treatment:  Rest; no surgery. Other Medical Diagnoses and Conditions Discussed Spinal Fusion:  Surgical repair. Eosinophilia:  High eosinophils. UTI:  Urinary infection. Alcoholism:  Addiction. Tachycardia/Hypotension:  Shock signs. Braxton Hicks:  False labor. Myomectomy:  Fibroid removal. Gunshot Wound:  Trauma. 🔖 Key Takeaways 🗝️ Genetic Anomalies:  Season 7 places a heavy emphasis on rare genetic conditions, including OTC Deficiency, Late-Onset Tay-Sachs, and Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome (CCHS), highlighting the critical role of family history and genetic sequencing in modern diagnosis. 🗝️ The Toll of Trauma:  The season explores the physical and psychological aftermath of trauma, from self-inflicted gunshot wounds disguised as assaults to the PTSD and depression affecting humanitarian workers, showing that the wound is often just the beginning of the story. 🗝️ Diagnostic "Zebras":  The medical team repeatedly uncovers rare "zebra" diagnoses disguised as common ailments, such as Churg-Strauss Syndrome appearing as asthma, or a HCG-producing tumor mimicking a pregnancy. 🗝️ Ethics of Transplant:  Several arcs delve into the complexities of organ donation, including the ethical grey areas of living donors, the "bad batch" of implants causing systemic crisis, and the heartbreaking decisions surrounding transplant eligibility for addicts. Keywords: Medical Diagnoses Chicago Med Season 7 Medical Diagnoses Chicago Med Season 7

I n a landmark shift for the more than 100 million Americans living with obesity , Novo Nordisk has officially launched the Wegovy® pill , the first and only oral GLP-1 receptor agonist for weight loss. Approved by the FDA on December 22, 2025, the once-daily semaglutide tablet offers a needle-free alternative to the injectable treatments that have dominated the market since 2021. The pill’s launch is backed by the OASIS 4 phase 3 clinical trial , which demonstrated that patients could achieve an average weight loss of approximately 17%  over 64 weeks when adhering strictly to the treatment alongside a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity. Even when accounting for patients who may not have remained on the treatment throughout the study, the average weight loss was recorded at roughly 14%, compared to just 2% for the placebo group. To ensure broad distribution, Novo Nordisk is collaborating with Sesame , a leading cash-pay healthcare platform. This partnership allows patients to connect directly with healthcare providers for virtual or in-person appointments to obtain prescriptions without the traditional hurdles of insurance carriers. The Wegovy® pill is now available through 70,000+ U.S. pharmacies , including CVS and Costco, and through various telehealth providers. Pricing for the new medication has been designed to lower the barrier to entry. The starting dose (1.5 mg) is available for $149 per month.   The financial sector has reacted positively to these developments. Goldman Sachs  reaffirmed its "Buy" rating  for Novo Nordisk (NYSE: NVO), raising its price target as the company’s stock saw a 5.09% increase  following the launch news. Analysts point to the company’s robust market capitalization of $277.1 billion  as a sign of continued leadership in chronic disease care. While revolutionary, the medication carries significant safety warnings. The most common side effects reported are gastrointestinal issues , such as nausea and diarrhea. Crucially, the product includes a boxed warning regarding potential thyroid tumors , based on rodent studies, and is contraindicated for patients with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma. Patients are encouraged to consult healthcare providers to determine if the pill is appropriate for their specific medical profile. 🔖 Sources Novo Nordisk's Wegovy® pill, the first and only oral GLP-1 for weight loss in adults, now broadly available across America Novo Nordisk (NYSE:NVO) Maintains "Buy" Rating and Expands with Wegovy® Pill Launch Sesame Launches Wegovy® Pill Through Collaboration With Novo Nordisk Keywords: Wegovy Pill Wegovy Pill

R ecent breakthroughs in circadian biology have revealed new ways to manually adjust the body’s internal clock , offering relief for jet lag, shift work, and skin aging. At the center of these discoveries is the selective activation of the Period1 (Per1) gene , a critical regulator of the 24-hour cycle. A Japanese research team, including experts from the University of Osaka  and Kanazawa University , has discovered a compound called Mic-628 . This compound specifically targets the Per1  gene by binding to the repressor protein CRY1 , which in turn activates transcription and advances the body clock . Unlike existing treatments like melatonin or light therapy, which are highly dependent on timing, Mic-628 works independent of dosing time . In laboratory tests using mice, a single dose reduced the time needed to recover from simulated jet lag from seven days to just four . Researchers believe this compound could serve as a prototype for managing circadian misalignment disorders. The influence of the Per1  gene extends beyond sleep to the body's largest organ: the skin. Research from the Estée Lauder Companies (ELC)  emphasizes that skin cells possess their own autonomous clocks that govern nighttime repair  and cell proliferation. Studies show that poor sleep quality can lead to a 30% reduction in skin barrier recovery  and accelerated signs of aging, such as fine lines and loss of elasticity. To address this, scientists developed Tripeptide-32 , an exclusive compound designed to boost PER-1 protein expression . By helping skin cells "reset" their rhythms, the peptide enhances cellular energy and survival, allowing the skin to maximize its regenerative potential during the night. Whether through oral compounds like Mic-628 or topical peptides, the ability to synchronize biological rhythms  represents a major shift in healthcare. As experts from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology note, aligning research with industry goals is essential for translating these molecular findings into practical applications  for global health. 🔖 Sources Newly discovered compound can advance the body's internal clock Tapping into the body’s master clock could re-energize skin cell repair Keywords: Per1 Gene Per1 Gene

T he Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has officially named 15 high-cost medications  for the 2028 price negotiation cycle, a move aimed at curbing the rising costs of healthcare for seniors and taxpayers. This selection marks the third round of negotiations under the program, following previous cycles that included popular treatments for Type 2 diabetes and obesity. The list of selected drugs for the 2028 cycle includes heavy hitters in the pharmaceutical market, such as the diabetes treatment Trulicity , the HIV-1 medication Biktarvy , and the widely used Botox . These 15 medications represent a staggering $27 billion in Medicare spending  between November 2024 and October 2025. Other notable inclusions cover a range of conditions from cancer (Erleada, Kisqali) to chronic immune-system diseases (Cosentyx, Entyvio) and respiratory issues (Anoro Ellipta, Xolair). In a significant shift, the 2028 cycle will be the first to include Medicare Part B medications . Unlike Part D drugs, which patients typically pick up at a pharmacy, Part B drugs are administered by medical professionals in clinical settings, such as hospitals or doctors' offices. To be eligible for this negotiation process, drugs must have been on the market for at least seven to 11 years and lack generic or biosimilar competition . CMS Administrator Mehmet Oz emphasized that this "strong action" targets the most expensive drugs to ensure the system works for patients rather than special interests. To promote transparency, the administration also released a list of the top 50 negotiation-eligible drugs. However, the pharmaceutical industry remains staunchly opposed. Trade group PhRMA argued that government price-setting leads to higher costs and fewer choices for seniors , while companies like Novartis warned of long-lasting consequences for patient care. Despite the ongoing legal and rhetorical battles, the negotiations are set to take place in 2026, with the resulting lower prices taking effect on January 1, 2028 . 🔖 Sources Botox, Trulicity among 15 drugs on new Medicare negotiations list CMS names 15 medications for 2028 price negotiation cycle US names HIV, arthritis drugs for next Medicare price talks Keywords: Drug Price Negotiations Drug Price Negotiations